This org’s unique approach to empowering girls in Afghanistan

Growing up in a country where women and girls are often treated as inferior, Samaana knows what it’s like to feel like a second-class citizen. The 10th grader, who attends a high school in Afghanistan, has been called weak, servant, sheep, and unintelligent. And even if Samaana knew how to stand up for herself, doing so could be risky.

Samaana’s struggle for liberation and opportunity mirror’s the struggle of many girls throughout Afghanistan.

The UN Population Fund estimates that nearly 57% of girls in Afghanistan are married before the country’s legal age of 16. Certain cultural groups still practice the customs of early marriage for reasons such as bride prices, bride exchange, child engagement, and “honor” situations. These customs are further complicated by issues of poverty, lack of women’s rights, and political conflict that has plagued Afghanistan for decades.

The issue of early marriage in particular can have major consequences for girls–consequences that can impact the rest of their lives and the lives of their future families.

The dangers of early marriage

According to the WHO, complications of pregnancy and childbirth are the leading cause of death among young women ages 15-19. Delaying pregnancy has shown to improve the health of adolescent girls and their families.

Early marriage can also contribute to girls dropping out of school, especially prior to finishing secondary school. In Afghanistan, girls’ education is often stigmatized, and girls’ schools can even be targeted by violent extremists. The Central Statistics Organization of Afghanistan wrote that in 2014 just 39.5% of children enrolled in formal education are female, and just 21% of students attending Afghan Universities are female.

These statistics are tragic considering that with each year of secondary school a girl attends, it’s estimated that her future earning power increases by 25%. Finishing school not only improves her economic capacity, but her ability to make healthy decisions for herself and her family. It’s clear that girls’ empowerment is important for alleviating poverty as a whole.

Sahar’s unique approach

One thing that is inspiring to us at ODW is that despite the many barriers girls in Afghanistan face, they continue to seek better access to education for themselves.

Our partner in Afghanistan, Sahar, has taken note of this and works to empower girls through education. Their projects aim to build the capacity of girls’ schools, enable female teachers to get certified, create technology literacy programs, and tackle the complex issue of early marriage.

Sahar’s past programs have found that girls tend to drop out around the age of 12 to 13 due to early marriage and their husbands or parents encouraging them to drop out. So in their new phase of programing they are tackling these drop out rates head on through early marriage prevention education.

Their unique strategy combines raising awareness about the problems of early marriage and changing the attitudes and perceptions surrounding the custom. They target not just girls, but their families, local elders, school principals, and religious leaders. The training also teaches girls about their rights and the laws in place to protect them. In addition, girls are encouraged to communicate with their parents about the issue, go through leadership and self-esteem training to help them stand up for themselves, and are connected with female role models.

The risks of working in a conflict zone

In 2016 a suicide bomber attacked a consulate near one of the locations of Sahar’s programs. Thankfully none of the girls in the program were hurt, but significant damage was done to their building. This was a reminder of the continuing risk of working in a conflict zone, and with the sensitive nature of Sahar’s projects around female empowerment, they must pay special attention to building relationships in the community.

In lou of these risks, the lynchpin of Sahar’s work is to collaborate with the Ministry of Education, local leaders, community groups, and specifically male stakeholders. The topic of early marriage is very sensitive and controversial in Afghanistan. This is why getting the support of fathers, brothers, male teachers, and religious leaders throughout the process is crucial to avoiding risk and building program sustainability.

This is their movement

As an industry, we often forget to give girls credit for the role they play in their own empowerment. We may be offering the education and the avenues to achieve it, but girls are the ones doing the real work. And this work is not just academic. It requires girls to become activists in their own homes and communities as they fight for their right to be and live how they choose.

In a place like Afghanistan, this work is especially challenging. But we’re continually impressed by how our partner Sahar is coming alongside girls to provide them with better opportunities.

Samaana, mentioned earlier, is one of the many encouraging examples of how Sahar’s work is empowering girls to take their future into their own hands.

“By attending this training I learned that I have equal rights as men and boys in our society. From now on, I will defend the rights of those women who are violated. I am one’s daughter, one’s sister, one’s wife, and one’s mother. I will not take those serious who put us down, and call us names. I will not be silent anymore. I now know that I have the right to freedom of speech, I have my individual right. I will fight until I achieve my goals.”

You are invited to contribute to education and early marriage prevention here.

Melissa Pack is the Communications Director at One Day’s Wages. She lives in Seattle with her husband and papillon.

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